FAKTAI:
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Mažiau fizinio sąlyčio ar daugiau fizinės nepriežiūros turi įtakos didesnei agresijai 6
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Šalyse, kur rodomas minimalus fizinis kontaktas vaikams, buvo daugiau smurto tarp suaugusiųjų7
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Paaugliai, kurie patyrė smurtą ar buvo neprižiūrimi vaikystėje, suaugus turėjo 42% daugiau kriminalinių įrašų 8
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Fiziškai smurtaujama buvo dažniau tarp vaikų, kurie patys patyrė fizinį smurtą 9, 10
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Dažnai vaikai patiria kelias smurto rūšis vienu metu 11
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Emocinis smurtas yra smurtas vykdomas prieš vaiko psichiką, taip kaip fizinis smurtas prieš vaiko kūną 12
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Tarp Europos šalių, JAV ir Kanados, aukų, nukentėjusių nuo patyčių skaičius svyravo nuo 5% (Švedijoje) iki 20% (Lietuvoje) 13
1. Finkelhor D. et al, Children's Exposure to Violence: A Comprehensive National Survey. Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 2009. Available at: www.ojp.usdoj.gov. Accessed June 30, 2012.
2. World report on violence and health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2002/9241545615_chap1_eng.pdf Accessed June 30, 2012.
3. The State Of America's Children® Handbook. Children's Defense Fund. 2012.
4. Doyle C. Emotional abuse of children: issues for intervention. Child Abuse Review. 1997; 6(5): 330-342.
5. Seifert K. How children become violent: Keeping your kids out of gangs, terrorist organization and cults. Boston, MA: Acanthus, 2006.
6. Field T, Violence and touch deprivation in adolescents. Adolescence, Vol. 37, No. 148, 2002.
7. Prescot JW. Affectional bonding for the prevention of violent behaviours: Neurobiological, psychological and religious/spiritual determinants. In L.J. Herzber, G.F. Ostrum, & J. Roberts Field (Eds.), Violent behaviour – Assessment and intervention (Vol. 1). Great Neck, NY: PMA Publishing Co. 1990.
8. Widom CS. Does violence beget violence? A critical examination of the literature. Psychology Bulletin. 1989, 106, 3-28.
9. Scarpa A. Aggression in physically abused children: The interactive role of emotion regulation. In A. Raine, D. Farrington, P. Brennan et al. (Eds.) Biosocial bases of violence. Plenum Publishing. 1998.
10. Scerbo AS, Kolko DJ. Child physical abuse and aggression: Preliminary findings on the role of internalizing problems. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 1995; 34, 1060-1066.
11. Seifert K, Perillo J, editor. Youth Violence. Theory, Prevention, and Intervention. Springer Publishing Company; 2012.
12. Besharov, DJ. Recognizing child abuse: A guide for the concerned. New York: The Free Press. 1990.
13. Nansel TR, Craig W, Overpeck MD, et al. Cross-national consistency in the relationship between bullying behaviours and psychosocial adjustment. Archives Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; 2004, 158, 730-736.